What Is a Discursive Essay? How to Write a Discursive Essay for IELTS Writing Task 2

A Discursive Essay is a common essay type you may encounter in IELTS Writing Task 2. This type of essay requires you to discuss different viewpoints before presenting your own opinion. In this guide, IDP IELTS will walk you through the structure and effective writing techniques for a high-scoring Discursive Essay.

A Discursive Essay is a type of IELTS Writing Task 2 essay that requires you to explore both sides of an argument in a balanced and objective manner. You must present clear reasoning, evaluate opposing perspectives, and maintain a neutral tone throughout your essay.

Discursive Essays can cover various topics such as social issues, education, technology, or science. You should analyze cause-and-effect relationships and present the impact of each perspective. After evaluating both sides, you may share your personal opinion while still maintaining fairness in your argument.

Following a clear structure is essential to writing an effective Discursive Essay in IELTS Writing Task 2. You can organize your essay into four main parts:

Introduction

This section introduces the topic and sets the context for discussion. Use the following structure:

• Topic introduction: Provide a general statement about the topic.

• Background/context: Explain why the topic is important.

• Summary of opposing views: Introduce both sides of the argument.

Example:

Question: Many people believe that social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and so on have had a huge negative impact on both individuals and society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Sample Introduction:

The rise of social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok has significantly influenced how people communicate and stay connected. While many argue that these platforms negatively affect individuals and society, others highlight their positive aspects. This essay will examine both sides of the argument.

Argument For

In this paragraph, present arguments that support the given opinion.

• State your point of view

• Provide supporting examples or evidence

• Conclude the paragraph with a summary statement

Example:

It is true that excessive use of social networking sites can weaken personal relationships. For instance, younger people often spend hours scrolling on TikTok or Instagram, which reduces real-life interaction. As a result, family bonds may suffer and face-to-face communication is declining.

Argument Against

Now present the opposing viewpoint using the same structure:

• State the counterargument

• Give supporting evidence

• Conclude the paragraph with a summary

Example:

On the other hand, social networking platforms help bridge communication gaps. They enable people to stay in touch with friends and family across distances. In many cases, social media has allowed users to overcome geographical barriers and maintain meaningful relationships online.

Conclusion

Summarize both sides and clearly state your opinion.

• Restate the opposing views

• Share your personal conclusion

• Offer a suggestion if applicable

Example:

To sum up, while social networking sites can have negative effects, they also offer valuable benefits. In my view, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages if users are mindful of their online habits. To maximize the benefits, individuals should manage their screen time and balance online and offline communication.

To write a strong Discursive Essay, you should:

• Present multiple perspectives: Address both supporting and opposing arguments to provide a well-rounded discussion.

• Use evidence: Support each point with data, real-life examples, or expert opinions to enhance credibility.

• Maintain a neutral tone: Avoid emotional or biased language. The goal is to objectively analyze and compare ideas, not to persuade.

• Analyze both sides of the argument rather than focusing on only one.

• Avoid grammar mistakes that could confuse the reader or weaken your ideas.

• Support every argument with clear and relevant examples.

• Stay objective and avoid overly emotional or biased expressions.

Question: Many people believe that social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and so on have had a huge negative impact on both individuals and society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Sample Essay:

The rise of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok has revolutionized how people interact and communicate. While some argue that these platforms negatively affect both individuals and society, others believe they offer significant benefits. This essay will explore both perspectives.

It is true that excessive use of social media can weaken real-life relationships. Young people often spend hours each day on platforms like TikTok, which reduces their time for face-to-face communication. Families may experience a decline in emotional bonding as digital interaction takes precedence over in-person conversations.

However, social networking platforms have greatly improved communication. They allow people to stay connected across distances, especially in long-distance relationships or with loved ones overseas. Social media enables users to share updates, support one another, and maintain strong emotional ties despite physical separation.

In conclusion, social networking sites present both benefits and drawbacks. Although there are negative consequences related to overuse, I believe that the benefits outweigh the downsides if users exercise discipline and self-awareness. Maintaining a healthy balance between digital and personal interactions is key to maximizing the positive impact of social media.

Master the Discursive Essay Format with IDP IELTS

To write an outstanding Discursive Essay, focus on presenting well-reasoned arguments, include solid examples, and maintain an objective tone throughout. With the tips and examples provided by IDP, you will be better prepared to handle this IELTS Writing Task 2 question type. You can explore IDP's free IELTS preparation resources to practice with more essay formats.

Additionally, review the IELTS Writing band descriptors to understand how your essay will be scored and build a focused preparation plan. IDP offers both IELTS Academic Writing and General Training Writing tests, available in computer-based formats for your convenience.

Register for the IELTS test with IDP today and take the next step toward your goal!

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